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| Transformers |
Transformers are rated in KVA (kilovolt-amperes) rather than in KW (kilowatts) because the power output of a transformer is dependent not only on the voltage and current but also on the power factor of the load.
The power factor is a measure of how efficiently the load converts the electrical energy into useful work, and it can range from 0 to 1. A load with a power factor of 1 (unity power factor) converts all the electrical energy into useful work, while a load with a power factor of 0 (zero power factor) converts none of the electrical energy into useful work.
KVA is a measure of the apparent power of a transformer, which is the product of the voltage and current. KW, on the other hand, is a measure of the real power, which is the product of the voltage, current, and power factor.
Therefore, transformers are rated in KVA to indicate their capacity to handle a certain amount of current and voltage, regardless of the power factor of the load. This allows for easier selection of the appropriate transformer for a given application, as the KVA rating takes into account both the voltage and current requirements of the load.
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