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| Bifacial Solar Panel |
Installing bifacial solar panels properly is crucial to get the highest energy output, especially in Indian conditions. Bifacial panels generate power from both front and rear sides, so maximizing both irradiance and reflected light is essential.
Here is the best way to install bifacial solar panels in India for maximum output:
✅ 1. Select Ideal Location
High Albedo Surface: Choose a location with a reflective surface like white concrete, sand, or special reflective materials to bounce more sunlight to the rear side.
Shadow-Free Zone: Ensure zero or minimal shading throughout the day.
Dry & Dust-Free Area (if possible): Rajasthan, Gujarat, Ladakh are ideal due to high solar irradiation.
✅ 2. Mounting Angle & Tilt
Tilt Angle: Optimal tilt angle should be based on latitude (typically = latitude ± 10°).
Example: Jaipur (\~26°N), best tilt = 20–30°
Elevated Tilt Mounting: Slightly higher tilt than mono panels (2–5° more) allows better rear side irradiation.
Use adjustable tilt structures for seasonal optimization if budget allows.
✅ 3. Mounting Height
Height from Ground: Keep at least 1 meter clearance from the ground for rear light capture.
Higher the gap, more the rear-side gains.
Helps reduce shading from nearby objects and increases airflow for cooling.
✅ 4. Surface Under the Panels (Albedo Enhancement)
High albedo = more reflected sunlight = more output from rear side.
Recommended surfaces:
| Surface Type | Albedo (%) |
| White paint/concrete | 60–80% |
| Sand (Rajasthan) | 30–40% |
| Green grass/lawn | 15–25% |
| Black surface/asphalt | <10% |
Use white gravel or paint under the panels to boost rear gain up to 10–15%.
✅ 5. Row Spacing (Pitch)
Increase row-to-row distance to reduce shadowing.
Use 2.5 to 3 meters pitch (distance between module rows).
Proper pitch improves both front irradiance and rear reflection.
✅ 6.Mounting Structure Type
Use Single Axis Tracker for best performance (up to 20–25% more energy).
If budget is limited: Use fixed tilt with elevated height and optimized ground albedo.
✅ 7. Orientation
South-facing is best for most of India.
If bifacial with tracker: use east-west tracking for balanced production.
✅ 8. Bifacial Module Selection
Use Transparent backsheet or Glass-Glass bifacial modules.
Select modules with high bifaciality factor (70–90% rear efficiency).
✅ 9. Maintenance
Clean both sides of bifacial panels regularly.
Dust on rear side reduces performance.
Install in areas with low vegetation growth or maintain regularly.
✅ 10. Monitoring & Inverter Selection
Use string inverters with MPPT optimization.
Monitoring systems to check bifacial gain over time.
Ensure inverter sizing accounts for higher energy generation from rear side (5–20% more).
🔧 Sample System Specs for Rajasthan:
1 MW Bifacial Plant
Ground clearance: 1.2 m
* Tilt: 28°
* Surface: White gravel
* Pitch: 3 m
* Inverter: 1100 kW string inverter
* Expected gain from bifaciality: 9–15%
📈 Summary of Gains:
| Factor | Gain (%) |
| Albedo surface | +5–10% |
| Elevated mounting | +2–4% |
| Reduced shading & good pitch | +1–3% |
| Seasonal tilt adjustment (optional) | +2–3% |
| Total Possible Gain | 10–20% |
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